弱到强泛化新方法:On-Policy Reverse Distillation 让强模型超越弱教师

HuggingFace Daily Papers(社区热门论文)·2026-09-08 08:00·1天前
AI 导读

研究者提出 On-Policy Reverse Distillation(OPRD),通过评估教师模型在学生轨迹上的策略偏移,仅放大验证器支持的更新方向,使强学生模型在向弱教师学习时超越教师能力上限。在连续模型迁移和多教师蒸馏中,OPRD 以更少的学生更新次数取得比现有 RL 和蒸馏方法更高的性能,且学生模型更接近纯验证器 RL 训练结果而非弱教师。

HuggingFace Daily Papers(社区热门论文)
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弱到强泛化新方法:On-Policy Reverse Distillation 让强模型超越弱教师

2026-09-08 08:00· 1天前
AI 导读

研究者提出 On-Policy Reverse Distillation(OPRD),通过评估教师模型在学生轨迹上的策略偏移,仅放大验证器支持的更新方向,使强学生模型在向弱教师学习时超越教师能力上限。在连续模型迁移和多教师蒸馏中,OPRD 以更少的学生更新次数取得比现有 RL 和蒸馏方法更高的性能,且学生模型更接近纯验证器 RL 训练结果而非弱教师。

Weak-to-strong generalization asks whether stronger models can learn from weaker supervisors and surpass them. This question is particularly important for successive model generations and multi-domain consolidation, where repeating frontier-scale post-training from scratch can be prohibitively expensive. Yet conventional distillation treats the weak teacher as an optimization target, potentially imposing its capacity ceiling on the student. We introduce On-Policy Reverse Distillation (OPRD), which evaluates the teacher's policy shift relative to its reference policy on student rollouts and amplifies the component of the student's verifier-driven policy gradient along that direction. By rescaling only verifier-supported updates, OPRD preserves the stationary points of policy optimization while accelerating learning beyond the teacher. In both successive model transfer and multi-teacher distillation, OPRD achieves higher performance with fewer student updates than existing RL and distillation approaches. Response-style analysis shows that OPRD students remain closer to models trained with verifier-based RL alone than to their weak teachers, suggesting that teacher guidance accelerates rather than redirects the student's own optimization. Results in conventional strong-to-weak distillation further demonstrate that OPRD effectively combines verifier-driven policy optimization with teacher guidance regardless of capacity ordering.

来源:HuggingFace Daily Papers(社区热门论文)· arxiv.org